5 affecting parameters for engine performance and emissions

Engine performance and emissions are alerted by engine design and operating parameters. Changing the engine design is a very complex and expansive task. Therefore change related to the operating parameters is famous. Some operating parameters are listed below. 

1.       Compression ratio

It is the ratio of maximum volume to the minimum volume of inside the cylinder. The high compression ratio promotes the proper burning of the fuel inside the combustion chamber. Therefore higher thermal efficiency is achieved by increasing the compression ratio.  High compression ratio also leads to unnecessary sound and noise in the engine which promotes the knocking in the engine.

2.        Injection pressure

It is the pressure at which fuel injected inside the combustion chamber. At the end of the compression stroke, the fuel is sprayed into the combustion chamber. These sprayed droplets vaporize due to the heat transfer from highly compressed air and air-fuel mixture. Increasing the injection pressure leads to small fine droplets of the fuel. Small fine fuel particles provide the proper mixing of fuel and air inside the engine. Higher injection pressure reduces the timing of the combustion process inside the cylinder. Performance, emission, and economy is dependent on the combustion process. 

3.        Engine load

Performance and exhaust emissions varied with the externally applied load on the engine. The engine speed decreases with a higher load on the engine. To overcome this problem more quantity of fuel is supplied in the engine.  For the stationary engines, the load is applied by the dynamometer such as the eddy current dynamometer, hydraulic dynamometer. Break power changes proportionally with the applied load. 

4.        Injection timing

Injection timing is the time at which fuel is injected inside the cylinder. This can be altered for producing more power and fuel efficiency. Sometimes changing the injection leads to higher smoke, high vibrations, and noise from the engine.

5.        Engine speed

Engine speed varies the ignition timing of the engine. Sometimes the peak temperature achieved at lower engine speed but this speed leads to more NO_x and detonation. To mitigate this problem, engine speed, and crank angle both varied to get optimum solutions.